Orthodox Sacred Music Reference Library
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Gardner, Ivan
GARDNER, Ivan Alekseevich (1898-1984), known in the West as Johann von Gardner, was a unique and multi-faceted Russian musician and scholar, whose entire life, in one way or another, centered around Orthodox church music, Gardner was compelled to leave his homeland in 1920, living thereafter in Serbia (Yugoslavia), the Holy Land, Austria, and Germany. A portion of his life was lived under the name Philip, as a monk and later a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia. Towards the end of World War II, he left the priesthood, and devoted his life to Orthodox church music as a choirmaster, composer, scholar, and publicist. As a researcher and author, he single-handedly carried the torch of scholarship in the field of Russian Orthodox liturgical music, at a time his compatriots in the Soviet Union were prevented from doing so by the Communist regime. He authored a major two-volume history of Russian church singing (the first part of which is available in English translation) as well as several hundred articles and monographs. In his writings he sought to continue, through historical investigation and scholarly argument, the movement initiated at the Moscow Synodal School of Church Singing—the attempt to return Russian liturgical music to its traditional Orthodox roots from which it had strayed in the 18th and 19th centuries under Western European influence.
Although Gardner’s contribution to this process as a composer is less known, he wrote over 100 sacred liturgical choral works, almost all of them based on authentic Znamenny, Demestvenny, Kievan and other chants. In his compositions he was in every respect a follower of the best traditions of the “New Direction” in Russian sacred choral composition—established by composers such as Kastalsky, Gretchaninoff, Chesnokov, Rachmaninoff, and others—using the full coloristic resources of the mixed choir in a rich palette of “choral orchestration.” Like many of the works of the Moscow School, Gardner’s compositionas and chant arrangements for the most part lay outside the capabilities of Russian émigré choirs, and thus remained unsung until recently. A fresh consideration of his works reveals Gardner to be an important composer whose creative legacy merits being incorporated into the mainstream corpus of the Orthodox sacred choral repertoire.
111 results found
Resurrectional Sessional Hymn. Tone 6
Bulgarian Chant
At a Sunday All-Night-Vigil
S(div)A(div)T(div)B(div)
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 152, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1970.
Composition dated 1960.
2
Gd074
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Adam sat before paradise
Tone 6, Common Chant
"Glory" Sticheron at "Lord, I Call" on Cheesefare Sunday
S(div)AT(div)B
In pub. Voskresnoe Chtenie, No. 7, Warsaw, Poland, 1933.
Gd089
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LBS 157 - Gardner
The Creed
I believe
Veruiu
S(div)A(div)T(div)B(div)
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 196, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1975.
Composition dated 1960.
6
Gd029
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Great Doxology
Znamenny Chant
Glory to God in the highest
Slava v vyshnikh Bogu
SATB
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 180, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1973.
Composition dated 1973. The pub. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 190, 1973, contains the following publisher's note: "The Great Doxology setting of Znamenny Chant in a simplified harmonization, published by us under No. 180, was arranged by I. A. Gardner for a smaller choir and can sung in 1, 2, 3, or all 4 voice parts."
8
Gd012
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Stepennye antifony vos'mi glasov
Gradual Antiphons in the 8 Tones
Znamenny Chant
At a Sunday All-Night-Vigil
S(div)A(div)T(div)B(div)
In pub. Dukhovno-muzykal'nye proizvedeniia I. A. Gardnera. Antifony stepenny. 8-mi glassov. Znamennogo raspeva, Jordanville, New York, USA: Holy Trinity Monastery, 1964.
Compositions dated: Tones 1, 2 – 1958, Tones 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 – 1959, Tone 4 – 1953.
15
Gd061-068
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LBS 157 - Gardner
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Verses before the Six Psalms
Znamenny Chant
Glory to God in the highest
Slava v vyshnikh Bogu
TTBB
Unpublished in composer's lifetime.
Manuscript dated 1959. First published in vol.: I. A. Gardner, Sobranie dukhovnykh sochinenii, San Francisco: Russky Pastyr’; Moscow: Zhivonosnyi istochnik, 2008.
Gd005
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Stikhira na "Gospodi, vozzvakh" na Vozdvizhenie
Sticheron at "Lord, I have cried" for Exaltation
Tone 6, Kievan Chant, to the melody "Having set aside"
The Cross is raised on high
Krest vozdvizaem'
SATB
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 33, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, [n. d.]. Also, in ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No.55, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1962. Аlso, in ser. Tserkovno-khorovaia biblioteka: partitury dlia tserkovnogo khora, [no No.], Salzburg, Austria: Луч, [n. d.].
Composition dated 1951.
2
Gd077
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Stikhiry na khvalitekh na Vozdvizhenie
Stichera at the Praises for Exaltation
Tone 8, Kievan Chant, to the melody "O most glorious wonder"
O most glorious wonder
O preslavnago chudese
S(div)A(div)T(div)B
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 158, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1971. Аlso, in ser. Tserkovno-khorovaia biblioteka: partitury dlia tserkovnogo khora, No. 1, Salzburg, Austria: Луч, [n. d.].
Composition dated 1950, 1957.
6
Gd078
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Stikhiry po Evangelii na Bogoiavlenie
Post-Gospel Stichera for Theophany
Tone 2, Little Znamenny Chant
Let all things rejoice today
Vsiacheskaia dnes' da vozraduiutsia
SATB
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 171, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1972. Аlso, in ser. Tserkovno-khorovaia biblioteka: partitury dlia tserkovnogo khora, No. 11c, Salzburg, Austria: Луч, [n. d.].
Composition dated 1952.
1
Gd086
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LBS 157 - Gardner
Stikhiry po Evangelii na Preobrazhenie Gospodne
Post-Gospel Stichera for the Transfiguration of the Lord
Tone 2, Little Znamenny Chant
All things have been filled with joy today
Vsiacheskaia dnes' radosti ispolnishasia
SATB
In ser. Notnaia biblioteka pravoslavnogo khristianina, No. 171, Berkeley, CA: The Orthodox Press, 1972.
Composition dated 1952.
1
Gd088
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LBS 157 - Gardner